The remaining 20% of the reservation's land is privately owned. The largest city on the reservation is Toppenish.Ībout 80% of the reservation's land is held in trust by the federal government for the benefit of the tribe and tribal members. It lies primarily in Yakima and the northern edge of Klickitat counties. According to the United States Census Bureau, the reservation covers 2,185.94 square miles (5,661.56 km²) and the population in 2000 was 31,799. The eastern portion of Mount Adams lies within this territory. The reservation is located on the east side of the Cascade Mountains in southern Washington state.

The tribe is made up of Klikitat, Palus, Wallawalla, Wanapam, Wenatchi, Wishram, and Yakama peoples. The Yakama Indian Reservation (spelled Yakima until 1994) is a Native American reservation in Washington state of the federally recognized tribe known as the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation. Other Klikitat, Palus, Wallawalla, Wanapam, Wenatchi, Wishram, and Yakama peoples

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